Regional Prioritization Model for Energy Storage Investments: A Strategic Approach to Public Policies in the Case of Türkiye

Abstract

This study aims to identify the most suitable energy storage technologies for Türkiye’s seven geographical regions by developing a scientifically grounded and region-sensitive decision support model that accounts for socioeconomic and environmental disparities. The proposed framework seeks to enhance the efficiency of energy investments, ensure more effective use of public resources, and strengthen energy supply security while contributing to sustainable development goals. Expert evaluations obtained from 70 specialists across the seven regions are analyzed using a Euclidean distance-based expert weighting method, enabling an objective and distance-sensitive assessment of expert judgments. The importance weights of decision criteria are calculated through the Fractal Fuzzy LOPCOW method, which integrates objective data structures with multi-layered uncertainty modeling, while energy storage alternatives are ranked using the Fractal Fuzzy RATGOS technique, allowing the simultaneous processing of the geometric properties of the decision space and structural uncertainty. The study’s primary innovation lies in employing fractal fuzzy set theory to capture uncertainty in a more detailed and dynamic manner than classical fuzzy approaches, and in integrating Euclidean-based expert weighting, Fractal Fuzzy LOPCOW, and Fractal Fuzzy RATGOS within a unified and high-resolution multi-criteria decision-making framework. By providing region-specific energy storage priorities, the model offers a strategic tool for policymakers, regional development agencies, and private investors, facilitating evidence-based energy planning, more accurate investment decisions in high-cost storage systems, improved renewable energy integration, efficient allocation of public funds, and the promotion of environmentally sustainable and economically beneficial regional development.